Design and Implementation of a 2.4-GHz Fully Integrated Butler Matrix for Smart Antenna System

This work proposes and analyzes a low-cost fixed microstrip beamforming system based on uniform linear array with four rectangular patch antennas controlled by Butler matrix that operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. A 4×4 consisting of hybrid quadrature directional couplers, two crossovers, 45° phase shifters was designed implemented to control beam direction entire system. Similarly, comparative study is performed between different antenna arrays, first conventional second loaded metamaterial structures ground plane. Finally, electrical performance both smart systems evaluated, their potential application as wireless power transmitter evaluated. Four beams distinct orientations were created each situation. The has higher gain, while HPBW.